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How Do I Make a Fire Escape Plan for My Home?

Last updated October 25, 2026

The short answer

Draw a Floor Plan of Your Home

Start by sketching a simple map of every level of your home. Mark all doors and windows clearly on this plan. For each room, identify two ways to escape, such as a door and a window. This visual map is a crucial tool for your family to understand their primary and secondary exit routes during a fire drill or an actual emergency.

Establish Clear Escape Routes and Meeting Place

Designate a safe, permanent meeting place outside your home, like a neighbor's mailbox or a specific tree. Ensure it is a safe distance from the structure. Verify that all windows and doors along your planned routes open easily and are not blocked by furniture or decorations. If a window is part of your escape plan, make sure everyone, especially children, knows how to unlock and open it quickly, and that screens can be removed from the inside if necessary.

Practice Your Plan Regularly

Conduct family fire drills during both day and night to simulate different conditions. Practice escaping using your secondary routes, like windows. Time your drills to encourage a quick, calm response. This regular practice helps ensure that every member of your household can react instinctively, even if disoriented by smoke or darkness.

Special Considerations for Households

If you have infants, young children, or elderly family members, assign a specific adult to assist them during an evacuation. Consider installing escape ladders for upper-story bedrooms and ensure everyone knows where they are stored and how to deploy them safely. Always sleep with bedroom doors closed, as this can significantly slow the spread of smoke and heat, buying critical escape time. These simple preparations make a major difference for vulnerable household members.

  • Assign a specific adult to help young children, the elderly, or people with mobility issues.
  • Install and practice using escape ladders for rooms on the second floor or higher.
  • Teach everyone to feel doors for heat with the back of their hand before opening.
  • Decide in advance who will call 911 from a safe location outside the home.
  • Keep hallways and exits clear of clutter, toys, and furniture at all times.
  • Ensure pets are included in your plan, knowing their likely hiding spots and who is responsible for them.

What If a Fire Blocks the Main Exit?

If your primary exit is blocked, your second way out becomes essential. Instruct everyone to close the door behind them to contain the fire. If you are trapped, stuff towels or clothing under the door to keep smoke out. Signal for help at the window with a flashlight or a light-colored cloth. Never hide in a closet or under a bed during a fire.

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Frequently asked questions

How often should a fire escape plan be practiced?

You should practice your fire escape plan at least twice a year. It is a good idea to run a drill when you change your clocks for daylight saving time. Practicing helps everyone remember the steps, especially children, and ensures your plan works as intended.

What should I do if there is smoke in the hallway?

If you see or smell smoke when checking a door, use your second way out. If you must move through smoke, stay low where the air is clearer. Crawl on your hands and knees to exit, keeping your head about one to two feet off the floor.

Should I try to fight the fire before escaping?

Your priority is always to get everyone out of the house immediately. Do not stop to fight a fire, gather valuables, or find pets. Close doors behind you as you leave to slow the fire's spread. Call 911 from a safe location outside your home.

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